Medium-Voltage DC-DC Converter Topologies for Electric Bus Fast Charging Stations: State-of-the-Art Review

With the expansion of E-mobility technology, demand for Medium-Voltage (MV) Electric Buses (E-buses) charging infrastructure has significantly increased. In this regard, effective connection E-bus chargers to a medium voltage power grid is essential provide fast and carry out multiple processes simultaneously. One main building blocks DC-DC converter stage responsible regulating flow matching different levels. Accordingly, paper presents comprehensive review topologies applicable MV charging. This discusses compares basic isolated topologies. addition, converters are classified based on their conversion stages. Moreover, applications, including Dual Active Bridge (DAB) modular-based structure Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)-based DAB, discussed where merits demerits each topology highlighted. illustrates how DAB employed in level applications through multimodule or MMC-based structure. Furthermore, challenges required features discussed.